"It sounds really impressive but it isn't because in those days an animated film was only 75 minutes. That scribble handed to Caroline Thompson when Edward Scissorhands was still a twinkle in her eye, and the one Victoria Thomas used as a guide map for the cast list, was passed on to costume designer Colleen Atwood. He felt First Born had the same psychological elements he wanted to showcase in Edward Scissorhands, and hired her to write its screenplay as a spec script.[5]. Si la France veut se distinguer en Europe, il faut fixer lge de la retraite 70 ans[26]. Tom Cruisewas asking the kind of questions about the character that cant be asked for this character! Versuchen Sie es spter erneut. Boards are the best place to save images and video clips. The films casting director, Victoria Thomas, agrees: Everyone could be a version of Edward Scissorhands. She also took issue with a black man being cast as the character. Her writing has been published in The Financial Times, The Hill, The Chicago Tribune, Tax Notes, and The Journal of Taxation, and The Journal of Retirement. She has testified . Little wonder it was once occupied by Edwards creator, played by that eternal fixture of early horror films, Vincent Price. In fact, you might even say that the making of "The Nightmare Before Christmas" was, well, a nightmare. 2 -Resurrection-lvan Fischer - Mahler - Symphony No. Il accuse aussi le mot d'avoir t forg par les intgristes iraniens la fin des annes 1970 pour contrer les fministes amricaines, affirmation qualifie de mensongre par les sociologues Marwan Mohammed et Abdellali Hajjat[32],[33],[34] et invalide par l'Agence France Presse[35]. ", However, Eflman didn't like one part of Thompson's work. Pascal Bruckner, L'intervention amricaine en Irak: l'effroyable gchis, Notices dans des dictionnaires ou encyclopdies gnralistes, Dernire modification le 4 mars 2023, 02:25, Misre de la prosprit: La religion marchande et ses ennemis, Antismite, raciste, rvisionniste Mon pre ce vieux salaud, Irak: silence des noconservateurs franais, http://www.academie-francaise.fr/actualites/candidatures-au-fauteuil-de-m-michel-deon-f8-5, http://academie-francaise.fr/actualites/election-blanche-au-fauteuil-de-m-michel-deon-f8-0, "Vos paroles ont entran la mort des 12 de Charlie Hebdo": Pascal Bruckner accuse Rokhaya Diallo, Pascal Bruckner: Lislamophobie, a nexiste pas!, Pourquoi Valls naime pas le mot "islamophobie", Procs Bruckner: une dfaite pour les collabos de l'islamisme, "Le Fanatisme de l'Apocalypse: sauver la Terre, punir l'homme", de Pascal Bruckner: la rhtorique de la drision en dfaut, https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pascal_Bruckner&oldid=201963971. We wanted to make it a totally controlledneighbourhood. On a surface level, Edwards outsider appearance makes it impossible for him to modestly blend in. EDUCATION 6/2013 Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Epidemiology . Walking around under the plain guise of being a reject, Scissorhands manages to find both love and companionship against the odds. 14. Winonas waspy protagonist Kim was Thompsons friend, Lori. This study will generate much needed evidence about this important problem, including who is affected, where, and why, illuminating a largely unrecognized issue to help identify modifiable drivers of disparities. View the profiles of people named Caroline Thompson. & Soc. Master of Laws (LLM) Taxation, 2004Areas of Concentration: International and Corporate Taxation, Thesis Topic: Congressional Use of Federal Tax Policy to Achieve Foreign Policy Objectives, Articles Editor: George Mason University School of Law Civil Rights Law Journal, Writing Fellow/Deans Scholar: Teaching Assistant for First-Year Introduction to Legal Writing, Awarded: Best Memorandum of Law for the First-Year Class (2001), Bachelor of Arts, Political Science, 1997, Member: Pi Sigma Alpha, Political Science Honors Societ, Elected: National Academy of Social Insurance, 2021 - Present, Fellow: American College of Tax Counsel, 2020 - Present, Volunteer: Community Tax Aid D.C., 2019 - Present, Member: Tax Coalition for Professional Development of Women in Tax Policy, 2017 - Present, Volunteer: Junior League of Washington, D.C., 2012 - Present, Admitted: Virginia State Bar, 2003 - Present, Awarded: Kogod Faculty Award for Outstanding Teaching - 2022, Awarded: American University Faculty Research Support Grant - 2020, Awarded: Grant from The Wharton School Pension Research Council/TIAA - 2019, Awarded: Kogod Faculty Award for Outstanding Teaching - 2019, Awarded: Kogod Faculty Award for Outstanding Service - 2018, Awarded: Kogod Faculty Award for Outstanding Service - 2017, Recipient: Sandell Grant from the Boston College Center on Retirement Research- 2017, women business owners and the U.S. tax code, ntroduced legislation to address challenges women business owners have accessing capital. "That tells you the whole story right there. Iknew that (Edward Scissorhands) was my next weird suburban Frankenstein story Caroline Thompson, writer, Theres a bar in Santa Monica called Bombay Bicycle Club, recalls Thompson of her first meeting with Burton. Alan Arkins offbeat father character, Bill, was Thompsons dad. Bruckner, Caroline (2020). Despite low incidence rates and excellent treatment options for early-stage disease, ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women in the United States, due to it frequently being diagnosed at later stages when treatment success is less likely. The New Entrepreneurs of the Sharing Economy. Aug 2018 - Jul 20213 years. Tim was having a good chuckle.. La dernire modification de cette page a t faite le 4 mars 2023 02:25. Facebook; Twitter; Correu electrnic; Categories Billion Dollar Blind Spot: How the U.S. Tax Codes Small Business Expenditures Impact Women Business Owners. More importantly, Edward Scissorhands is an uncompromising bastion of individuality. Boston College Center for Retirement Research Working Paper (WP#2019-1). Son pre[3], Ren Bruckner, dcd en 2012, ingnieur de l'cole des mines de Paris[4], antismite convaincu, tait trs favorable aux thses nazies[5] et hassait les Juifs. Join Facebook to connect with Caroline Thompson and others you may know. PI: Caroline Thompson, Cancer Diagnosis in the Emergency Department: Explaining Persistent Disparities. Caroline Bruckner, Writer: The Confession. Grow your brand authentically by sharing brand content with the internets creators. Once Depp and Ryder, a real-life couple at the time, were slotted in the lead roles, the rest of the cast fell into place. Join Facebook to connect with Caroline Bruckner and others you may know. [1] She received her early education in Washington. Il associe alors les LGBT aux pdophiles lors d'une plaisanterie, ce qu'il qualifie plus tard de mauvaise plaisanterie lorsqu'interrog la suite du toll caus par cette intervention, et finit par retirer ses propos initiaux[20]. That they could be original.". I am a cancer epidemiologist and quantitative methodologist. Their uncanny concept required a blank canvas, so they settled on Florida and found a virgin suburb in Carpenters Run, about five miles north ofTampaon Route 41. Edward is, simply put, strange. SELECT OPTIONS SAVE TO CART Il est en 2003 signataire de l'appel de soutien l'Initiative de Genve[15], plan de paix prvoyant la cration d'un tat palestinien aux cts d'Isral. Abstract. ", To make matters worse, Burton, Selick, McDowell, and company were already shooting by this time. Das System kann den Vorgang jetzt nicht ausfhren. After Caroline graduated from the University of Applied Arts in Vienna, Organize, control, distribute and measure all of your digital content. MPIs: Natalia Khalaf (Baylor College School of Medicine) / Caroline Thompson, Measuring Missed Opportunities in the Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal Cancers. Boards are the best place to save images and video clips. I think everybody feels like Edward sometimes that they dont belong, says Caroline Thompson, who wrote the script for the film. The mythology that it was based on his poem I never read that poem. "It was Henry's project. tudes. PhD, MPH I also enjoyed a 10-year career as a clinical data manager for oncology clinical trials prior to my postgraduate training period. That idea was quickly scrapped when Burton realised how it could easily devolve into kitsch. Ne doit pas tre confondu avec Pascal Brunner. (Photo by Frederic SOULOY/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images). Over the years, I thought Sally was kind of a tool.". Caroline Thompson and Pascal Bruckner at 100th Episode Of "Campus" Of Guillaume Durant At Le Cafe De L'Homme Restaurant At The Trocadero. I had to read for the actresses and Tim would be over in the corner laughing, getting seduced by these older women. Professorial Lecturer & Managing Director, Kogod Tax Policy Center, Besttigte E-Mail-Adresse bei american.edu -, Georgia State University Law Review 38 (2), 259, An Analysis of the Gender Distribution of Witnesses Before a Select Group of, Neue Artikel, die mit der Forschung dieses Autors in Zusammenhang stehen, Shortchanged: the tax compliance challenges of small business operators driving the on-demand platform economy, Failure to contribute: an estimate of the consequences of non-and underpayment of self-employment taxes by independent contractors and on-demand workers on Social Security, Doubling Down on a Billion Dollar Blind Spot: Women Business Owners and Tax Reform, Women, Retirement, and the Growing Gig Economy Workforce, Billion Dollar Blind Spot-How the US Tax Code's Small Business Expenditures Impact Women Business Owners, Practical Applications of Shoring Up Shortfalls: Women, Retirement, and the Growing GigSupp Economy, Shoring Up Shortfalls: Women, Retirement, and the Growing GigSupp Economy, Shoring up Shortfalls: Women, Retirement and the Growing Gig Economy, A Seat at the Table: Just How Representative is the Legislative Process? En 1986, Guy Hocquenghem le critique dans sa Lettre ouverte ceux qui sont passs du col Mao au Rotary. We partnered with Geniusto create an annotated oral history of Edward Scissorhands. Le 22 octobre 2020, Pascal Bruckner accuse publiquement Rokhaya Diallo d'avoir entran la mort des douze de Charlie Hebdo et d'avoir ainsi arm le bras des terroristes en 2015 en signant en 2011 une ptition pour la dfense de la libert dexpression, contre le soutien Charlie Hebdo[28],[29]. View Caroline Bruckner-Holt's profile on LinkedIn, the world's largest professional community. Share your family tree and photoswith the people you know and love Build your family tree online Share photos and videos Smart Matching technology Free! Bruckner, Caroline & Annette Nellen (2019). Recalculating, 97+ Experts on Driving Small Business Growth. That movie was a roaring success, launching the careers of both Burton as a director and Depp as one of the most interesting and talented leading men around. She teaches courses on business law, principles of federal income tax, fundamentals of business ownership, the future of work, and challenges for women business owners. Her screenplay for Wicked Lovely, intended to be directed by Mary Harron, was in turnaround in 2011.[8]. CL Bruckner, TL Hungerford. She co-wrote the story for Edward Scissorhands and co-adapted a new stage version of the film with director and choreographer Matthew Bourne. What became clear during Insider's chat with Thompson is just how much of it was, as she herself put it, a "f---ing grind" to make. De 1992 1999, il milite contre les diffrentes offensives serbes en ex-Yougoslavie[14], en Croatie d'abord, puis en Bosnie et au Kosovo. She has testified multiple times before both U.S. House and Senate Congressional committees as well as IRS. 9, Issue 1. "First of all, he looks like a Klu Klux Klansman. But would Disney ever return to "Nightmare?" Looming large over the pastel-coloured tract homes is Edwards gothic mansion a singed peak out of a 30s B-movie horror. J.L. "So the head of the studio came to me and said could you help us.". She is an expert on small business, the gig economy, women business owners, and tax issues. Outre ses activits d'crivain, Pascal Bruckner est diteur chez Grasset. "Nightmare" follows Jack Skellington, king of Halloween Town, discovering Christmas Town amidst inner personal crisis. ", "I'm still really embarrassed by it. At that time, I was more of a prose writer than a screenwriter. It didn't set Disney executives alight, which is why it was moved to Touchstone (Disney after dark), and it didn't connect with audiences upon release, either. But he was a trooper.. The Getty Images design is a trademark of Getty Images. [4] Tim Burton was impressed with the novel, which was "about a monster fetus ". Kogod Tax Policy Center Report. Somehow, free creative reign for Burtons team reaped one hell of a testament to teen angst, backdropped in pastels and laced with the melancholy sounds of composer Danny Elfman. The pastel palette was actually inspired by American sweets Necco wafers, to be exact. Her sporty jerk boyfriend Jim originated with one of Loris deadbeat boyfriends. Writer: Edward Scissorhands. During that time, she developed expertise on small business tax issues, U.S. Senate rules and Congressional committee procedure. "Sadly, Tim and I are not in touch," Thompson said. Caroline Bruckner is a tax professor on the faculty of American University Kogod School of Business (Kogod) and is the managing director of the Kogod Tax Policy Center. A sequel has been touted several times, but always squashed by Burton himself. Grow your brand authentically by sharing brand content with the internets creators. Folgende Artikel sind in Scholar zusammengefhrt. Failure to Innovate: Tax Compliance and the Gig Economy Workforce. It was a journey, it was really homemade in a lot of ways, which is good for the story., Baking in the hot south Florida sun, Depp had to sit for hours on end while a team applied his make-up and wig. I hope he regrets it. She is an expert on small business, the gig economy, women business owners, and tax issues. Il soutient Nicolas Sarkozy pour le second tour de l'lection prsidentielle de 2007. Her work was awarded many international prizes, among others the Clio Award, Tokyo Type Directors Club and London Illustration Awards. Collect, curate and comment on your files. Tap into Getty Images' global scale, data-driven insights, and network of more than 340,000 creators to create content exclusively for your brand. Sa mre, Monique Bruckner, ancien professeur au collge Notre-Dame-de-Sion Petrpolis (Brsil), est morte le 11 fvrier 1999[7]. University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA . 07/01/2021 06/30/2026 In fact, they were actually animating Lock, Shock, and Barrell's song "Kidnap the Sandy Claws. He was a bully he was just that guy.. Testimony Before the IRS National Taxpayer Advocate at a public forum to discuss the IRS' Future State plan and the implications to the developing sharing economy. In my prose treatment I wrote some really bad lyrics, admits Thompson. "It's very cool. Streamline your workflow with our best-in-class digital asset management system. Cruise was interested, but his need-to-know curiosity ended up costing him the part. Access the best of Getty Images with our simple subscription plan. (My friend Loriis) an amazing person but she had the most horrible boyfriend. Son pre est protestant (non pratiquant), sa mre catholique (pratiquante) et lui-mme a t baptis catholique, comme il l'explique dans son livre autobiographique Un bon fils, publi en 2014[2]. Through it all, he is the embodiment of that crippling feeling of being a loner, and that is why hes such a magnetic figure and one who has received the ultimate stamp of cultural clout: a Halloween costume. 2016. Click the yellow highlights for insights from the films behind-the-scenes crew:screenwriter Caroline Thompson, art director Tom Duffield, casting director Victoria Thomas and costume designer Colleen Atwood, Towards the end of Tim Burtons 1990 film Edward Scissorhands, the leather-clad protagonist returns home after a suburb-wide, Gone Girl-style search fails to track him down. Chapter contribution written together with Katie Vliestra Vice President, National Association of the Self-Employed. Pour les articles homonymes, voir Bruckner. Failure to Contribute: An Estimate of the Consequences of Non-and Underpayment of Self-Employment Taxes by Independent Contractors and On-Demand Workers. All of the characters were based on people (or pets) Thompson knew. The production was littered with disagreements and spats, she said. Il tudie notamment chez les jsuites Lyon, poursuit ses tudes Paris, au lyce Henri-IV (hypokhgne et khgne) de 1968 1970 o il se lie d'amiti avec Alain Finkielkraut, avec lequel il crira ensuite deux livres, puis l'universit Paris I et l'universit Paris VII, et enfin lcole pratique des hautes tudes. He did a beautiful, beautiful job.". It's such an amazing gift to have been able to have contributed positively, I hope, to the culture," Thompson said. But Oogie Boogie was, and still is, "a big controversy" for Thompson. Bringing together exceptional physicians and scientists to investigate and improve the prevention, detection and treatment of cancer in North Carolina and across the globe, Surprise Billing and Good Faith Estimate Notices, Avisos de facturas mdicas sorpresas y avisos de presupuestos de buena fe, Identifying patterns of, and disparities in healthcare delivery for cancer, especially screening and diagnosis, Disentangling the drivers of healthcare disparities, especially as they relate to social determinants of health (SDoH), Big data methods for population health research, especially the development of methods to improve the research use of electronic health records (EHRs). [3] Though the movie was never made, the project inspired her to pursue a career as a screenwriter. The Journal of Retirement. Before his fall from grace, Thompson said Disney heavyweight and "Toy Story" director John Lasseter told her that Pixar would never have existed without "Nightmare. Le 11 fvrier 2020, il est lu l'Acadmie Goncourt[27]. Kogod Tax Policy Center Report. C Bruckner. The Getty Images design is a trademark of Getty Images. And she did it in just one week when she and Elfman went on a seaside retreat. NOW WATCH: These superlong eyelash extensions are mesmerizing, Visit Insider's homepage for more stories. State Tax Notes, 92(6), 485-495. Caroline Thompson (born April 23, 1956) is an American novelist, screenwriter, film director, and producer. American University Business Law Review, Vol. judge steele middle district of florida. For eagle-eyed viewers, try and spot the single house in the neighbourhood covered in an orange-and-green striped termite bag. Tim was the strange guy in America and I always had that vibe that it was autobiography.. Tim told me about a character he had who had scissors instead of hands and I said, Stop right there. she worked as an Art Director and Illustrator in several renowned "I was really p---ed off I wasn't invited to join the project because I'd just done 'Edward' with Tim. Screenwriter Caroline Thompson spoke to Insider about Tim Burton's iconic movie "The Nightmare Before Christmas," which, it turns out, was quite a ride to make. American novelist and screenwriter Caroline Thompson. Access the best of Getty Images with our simple subscription plan. I was okay. The storys catalyst was, in fact, a drawing of Edward that Burton drew as a teenager. But I never got a chance to take another crack at it. We used to do it all, you know? Jim Carrey, Tom Hanks and Michael Jackson all expressed interest in the part. Issu d'une famille chrtienne[1],[Note 1], Pascal Bruckner passe son enfance entre l'Autriche, la Suisse et la France. Failure to contribute: an estimate of the consequences of non-and underpayment of self-employment taxes by independent contractors and on-demand workers on Social Security. Failure to Contribute: An Estimate of the Consequences of Non- and Underpayment of Self-Employment Taxes by Independent Contractors and On-Demand Workers on Social Security. Shoring Up Shortfalls: Women, Retirement, and the Growing GigSupp Economy. Equality 52 (2021). You know, youre the only this in a sea of that. Bruckner, Caroline (2017). She continued: "Tim was there ramming it, screaming at me. Cest dj le cas en Allemagne. Thompson even compared the Mayor to Donald Trump: "He is the apotheosis of that impulse, but not the only embodiment of it. She did admit that on a recent reviewing, she was glad to see Jack climbing the hill to Sally to join her instead of the other way around: "at least it's a little feminist correct. advertising agencies in Vienna and New York. Henry Selick is credited as director, but Burton produced and conceived it, based, apparently on a poem he wrote when he was younger. Il affronte Benot Duteurtre, mais aucun candidat n'est lu[22]. Par son nom et sa sympathie exprime l'gard de l'tat d'Isral, Pascal Bruckner a souvent t erronment considr comme de confession juive et comme un intellectuel juif[5]. She is an American College of Tax Counsel Fellow, a member of the National Academy of Social Insurance, and member in good standing of the Virginia Bar. But Tim's a funny person," Thompson said. Pascal Bruckner, n le 15 dcembre 1948 Paris, est un philosophe, romancier et essayiste franais. The movie is even called "Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas.". Caroline has 3 jobs listed on their profile. Edward Scissorhands resonates with angsty teens because it was dreamt up by one. The villain of the piece, Oogie Boogie. Available at SSRN 2784243. , 2016. Club and London Illustration Awards. Get premium, high resolution news photos at Getty Images "We've had what I would call our 13th breakup. Dans Le Figaro du 10 avril 2019, il publie une tribune dans laquelle il critique la jeune activiste pro-climat Greta Thunberg, qu'il considre comme la reprsentante d'une dangereuse propagande de l'infantilisme climatique[23]. 2022 Special Interest Project Competitive Supplement Caroline Thompson (born April 23, 1956) is an American novelist, screenwriter, film director, and producer. Thompson, who also wrote "Edward Scissorhands," said that a previous screenwriter "snorted his salary" and so she was brought on for "The Nightmare Before Christmas.". That same drawing became the blueprint for Edwards now-legendary costume. Ind. There were some funny auditions for that role, remembers Thomas. modifier - modifier le code - modifier Wikidata. Caroline Thompson and Pascal Bruckner at Film Premiere Of Fauteuil D'Orchestre At L' Ugc Normandie In Paris. Bruckner, Caroline (2016). international prizes, among others the Clio Award, Tokyo Type Directors MPIs: Alice Ammerman (contact) / Caroline Thompson (study lead), Understanding Pathways to Earlier Diagnosis for Ovarian Cancer in North Carolina. (Photo by Bertrand Rindoff Petroff/Getty Images). Il dira plus tard en avoir t du. Sa thse de 3ecycle, consacre l'mancipation sexuelle dans la pense du socialiste utopiste Charles Fourier (Le corps de chacun est accessible tous), a t dirige par Roland Barthes (et soutenue en 1975 l'universit Paris VII)[10],[11]. She is married to Steve Nicolaides. I dont know, cant you relate to him?. I had published a novel that was this weird little suburban Frankenstein story and knew that (Edward Scissorhands) was my next weird suburban Frankenstein story. Women, Retirement and the Growing Gig Workforce. Access your favorite topics in a personalized feed while you're on the go. All but twoof the 52houses were occupied. Millions of high-quality images, video, and music options are waiting for you. The residents were paid in kind for permission to redecorate their houses for theduration of the shoot, but some proved a bit harder to persuade. Bruckner, Caroline & Jonathan Forman (2021). Il fait partie, cette poque, des nouveaux philosophes. "Tim, to be perfectly honest, swooped in to be involved with 'Nightmare' but wasn't there by any stretch of the imagination," Thompson said. That scribble handed to Caroline Thompson when Edward Scissorhands was still a twinkle in her eye, and the one Victoria Thomas used as a guide map for the cast list, was passed on to costume designer Colleen Atwood. The pangs of being misunderstood or wrongly judged have been writ large in teen culture for decades. En 2015, les associations les Indivisibles et les Indignes de la Rpublique portent plainte contre lui pour diffamation la suite des propos qu'il a tenus au cours de l'mission 28 Minutes sur Arte; il y avait accus les associations d'avoir justifi idologiquement la mort des journalistes de Charlie Hebdo et dclar qu'il fallait faire le dossier des collabos, des assassins de Charlie. (Photo by Frederic SOULOY/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images) Embed Save PURCHASE A LICENSE Get personalized pricing by telling us when, where, and how you want to use this asset. My research program lies at the intersection of three interrelated foci: CDC Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Research Centers 9 Ind. Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (Diagnostic Excellence Award) Some things come straight into your head and this one came straight into mine. The fact that she was going out with Elfman at the time didn't help. Access the best of Getty Images with our simple subscription plan. UNC-Chapel Hill Il qualifie d'ironie de l'histoire assez cocasse le fait d'tre considr comme juif[12]. Cette tribune est qualifie de vilnie par Claude Askolovitch, qui lui reproche de s'attaquer l'ge, au physique et mme l'autisme de Greta Thunberg[24]. The Mayor of Halloween town was inspired by American politics and their "two-faced bulls--- in general." Pascal Bruckner a t durant quelques annes le compagnon de Caroline Thompson[8], fille de Danile Thompson et petite-fille du ralisateur Grard Oury. He makes a Pleasantville transition from the monochrome loneliness of his past into the world of shocking colour when Peg adopts him into the family. La rforme Macron devrait donc aller plus loin encore. (May 24, 2016). But Burton, whose final decision it was, wasn't interested in the matter and told Thompson she was being "oversensitive. God bless Johnny, it was so hot and he had that on, says Atwood. Facebook gives people the. National Cancer Institute (R01-CA-264176) ", 18 things you probably didn't know about 'The Nightmare Before Christmas', 'Edward Scissorhands' writer says Johnny Depp used to greet her 'every morning with a margarita', 'Edward Scissorhands' screenwriter said she cried when she realized the movie's importance to people with disabilities. Edward Scissorhands () began as a cry from the heart, a drawing from (Burtons) teenage years that expressed the inner torment he felt at being unable to communicate with those around him, especially his family, wrote Mark Salisbury in the book Burton on Burton. ", "I gave Danny the script on the retreat, and he said: 'Oh, no that's terrible. An Analysis of the Gender Distribution of Witnesses Before a Select Group of Committees in the US Congress, Failure to Contribute: An Estimate of the Consequences of. 4 & Symphony No. It's superfluous.