[6] Kelley herself taught evening classes there.[4]. In 1919 Kelley was a founding member of the Womens International League for Peace and Freedom, and for several years she served as vice president of theNational American Woman Suffrage Association. While in Europe, Kelley joined the Germany Social Democratic Party and translated many of the partys important works. Josephine Goldmark, Impatient Crusader: Florence Kelley's Life Story (1953); Dorothy Blumberg, Florence Kelley and the Making of a Social Pioneer (1966). Kelleys first job after coming to the Hull House settlement was to visit the area around the settlement, surveying the working conditions in local factories. Florence Kelley - Trivia, Family, Bio | Famous Birthdays All three women were of upper-middle-class background and had politically active fathers. The act provided aid to mothers and children during pregnancy and infancy. So, whether youre planning to visit Florence or are just curious to learn more about the City of flowers, keep reading; here are some of the most interesting facts related to Florence! Its the first segmental arch bridge in Europe and one of the most outstanding engineering achievements of the Middle Ages. Her family were Philadelphia Quakers deeply committed to the abolition of slavery, universal suffrage and the education and literacy of women. Average elevation: 50 meters (163 feet) above sea level. The River Tiber flows through the city of Rome, and located within it is a tiny island, called Isola Tiberina (Tiber Island). In Zurich, she met various European socialists, including Polish-Russian medical student Lazare Wischnewetzky, whom she married in 1884 and with whom she had three children Kelley, F. 1986. A progressive social reformer and activist, Jane Addams was on the frontline of the settlement house movement and was the first American woman to wina Nobel Peace Prize. [19] Her pursuit to enforce the eight hour work day for women was later declared unconstitutional by the Illinois Supreme Court in 1895 because it restricted women from making contracts for longer hours. The city started flourishing at the beginning of the second millennium and by 1,100 AD, Florence was a powerful commune (city-state). A resident of Hull House, and a reformer - who refused to be associated with any political party-Florence Kelley lived in Chicago from 1891 until 1899, leading and participating in a variety of projects. DuBois believed that there should be a clause added specific to race because it would require the federal government to enforce that the schools for black people to be treated fairly. [20], In 1909, Kelley helped create the NAACP and thereafter became a friend and ally of W. E. B. Florence | Italy, History, Geography, & Culture | Britannica In Zurich, she met various European socialists, including Polish-Russian medical student Lazare Wischnewetzky, whom she married in 1884 and with whom she had three children;[5] the couple divorced in 1891. The Florence Syndrome refers to a physically overwhelming condition that people experience when seeing objects of great beauty. [3] Even at 10, she was educated by her father on his activities, and she was able to read her father's volume, The Resources of California. Toshiko Akiyoshi changed the face of jazz music over her sixty-year career. [13] Her public discussions covered black people in churches, social welfare forums, and social inequality. According to various sources, Florence Pugh is around 5ft 4in tall. She continued to advocate for working women and children until her death. Kelley spent many happy years with her grandparents Isaac and Kay Pugh. Florence Kelley was born in 1859 Philadelphia to a wealthy Quaker family her father, William Darrah "Pig Iron" Kelley, was a judge, a founder of the Republican Party, longtime member of the House of Representatives, a staunch abolitionist and a friend of Abraham Lincoln. From its founding in 1899, Kelley served as the first general secretary of the National Consumers League.In 1909, Kelley helped create the National Association for the . Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. With the release of "Birth of a Nation," Kelley and other NAACP leaders demonstrated in numerous cities against the film for representing a racist interpretation of black people. Comments for this site have been disabled. Died: 13 August 1910. Stebner, E. The women of Hull House: A study in spirituality, vocation, and friendship . The survey also revealed women overworked past exhaustion, workers risking pneumonia, and children with burns. And since most famous writers of that era were living and working in Florence, through their iconic novels and poems, the Florentine dialect became a standard and the foundation for the modern Italian language. =) Author Interview: Zo Field - Floret Flowers Kelley became a resident at Jane Addamss Hull House settlement and quickly took her place among the most active and effective workers there. The Selected Letters of Florence Kelley, 1869 1931. A century later, another great invention for music happened in Florence. And with so much of art in this city, its reasonable to expect that Florence would leave a mark on music history too. Trattner, Walter I. The Selected Letters of Florence Kelley 1869-1931 Her parents, both abolitionists, supported Kelleys early interest in education and womens rights. Kelley's great-aunt, Sarah Pugh, lived as a Quaker and opponent of slavery. While Kelley lived at Hull House from 1891 to 1899, her leadership of the settlement's Bureau of Women's Labor allowed her to take initiative against exploited labor of women and children in home and factory "sweatshops". Kelley graduated from Cornell University in 1882. Florence was the daughter of William Darrah Kelley (1814-1890) of Philadelphia, a self-made man who renounced his business activities to become an abolitionist, a founder of the Republican party and a judge, and worked for numerous political and social reforms, including the NAACP (which Florence helped found). Golden Corral Buffet & Grill (362 Cox Creek . Reform of labor conditions, in line with her socialist commitments, led to Kelley having pioneering roles in factory inspection, in organizing social movement pressure on employers, and in advocating for reform legislation and legal action over the course of her career (see below). In 1907 Kelley organized New Yorks Committee on Congestion of Population, after which she and Mary Kingsbury Simkhovitch sponsored an exhibit on the causes and consequences of congestion and methods for alleviating it, catalyzing the first National Conference on City Planning in 1909. They also liked sports. Her efforts contributed greatly to the creation of the U.S. Childrens Bureau in 1912. Instead, Italys territory consisted of numerous different city-states. She successfully fought for the establishment of child labor laws. The city lies at the confluence of two small rivers, the Arno and the Mugnone. Kelley fought to make it illegal for children under the age of 14 to work and to limit the hours of children under 16. Notes of Sixty Years: The Autobiography of Florence Kelley. Florence Kelley was a strong and influential leader during the Women's Civil Rights movement; she spoke at the National American Women's Suffrage Association in 1905 to persuade in favor of change for the greater and common good. Florence Kelley (1859 -1932) was an American social and political reformer, known for her work against sweatshops and for the minimum wage, eight-hour workdays and children's rights. In a speech made by Kelley on July 22, 1905, she used many rhetorical strategies to show her desire for these laws to be established. DuBois, Kelley was well known for asking pointed questions to find a course of action. He taught his daughter about child workers, and several times took her to see young children working in steel and glass factories under dangerous conditions. (Video). Du Bois. In fact, according to some sources, when all other bridges in Florence were being destroyed, he made an emergency call to one of his general to give direct orders for canceling the bombing of the Ponte Vecchio. The breakdown of her marriage led Kelley to flee from New York to Chicago at the end of 1891. Florence was founded as a Roman military colony about the 1st century BC. Further, in order to judge labor conditions, she argues that citizens must demand adequate statistics about such conditions from their state and federal governments. Kelley lobbied Congress to pass theKeating-Owen Child Labor Actof 1916, which banned the sale of products created from factories that employed children aged thirteen and under. According to several different historic sources, during the brief war conflict between Florence and Pisa in the mid-14th century, the Pisans thought that if they cut the supply of salt to Florence, theyll eventually make their enemy surrender because, at the time, salt was the main ingredient for the famous Tuscan bread, the basic staple food of Florence at the time. The citys architecture resembled more a military camp than an actual city but this sure changed throughout the years. In 1899 Kelley moved to New York City to become general secretary of the new National Consumers League, which had grown out of Josephine Shaw Lowells Consumers League of New York. Kelley contributed to or led a variety of social organizations including National Child Labor Committee, National Consumers League, National Conference of Social Workers,[7] American Sociological Association, National American Woman Suffrage Association, NAACP,[11] Women's International League for Peace and Freedom,[4] and the Intercollegiate Socialist Society. At 16 she entered Cornell University. The Providence news. (Providence [R.I.]) 1891-1906, December 13, 1904 Unlike her stance on equitable distribution of educational funds, Kelley was not demanding any provisions for equitable distribution, as she knew the bill would never pass if the issue of race was introduced, especially with the opposition already present from southern states. She appears there as Mrs. During this era, Florence was one of the wealthiest and most important historic cities in Europe and in the world, one of the main medieval trading and finance hubs. In fact, the city is the birthplace of Guccio Gucci who founded the now world-famous luxury brand in 1921 in Florence. Florence Kelley (1859-1932), American social worker and reformer, fought successfully for child labor laws and improved conditions for working women. She sued several businesses. [7] The organization helped lead the battle for labor laws, such as the minimum wage and the eight-hour days, at the local, state, and federal levels. The medieval bridge of Ponte Vecchio is one of Florences most iconic landmarks. Florence Kelley, the daughter of United States congressman, William D. Kelley, was born on 12th September, 1859. [3] At Cornell, she was a Phi Beta Kappa member. But, this is not all what Florence is famous for; in fact, were just starting. The issue remained on whether or not the states would distribute the money equally. American - Activist September 12, 1859 - February 17, 1932. Florence Kelley was an American social and political reformer who fought for government regulation to protect working women and children. [3], Although Kelley desired to study law at the University of Pennsylvania, she was refused admission because of her gender. She served as the first general secretary of the National Consumers League and helped form the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in 1909. Florence Kelley and the Children: Factory Inspector in the 1890s Chicago, New YorkL Leigh Bienen, 2014. Kelley helped file the famous Brandeis Brief, which included sociological and medical evidence of the hazards of working long hours and set the precedent of the Supreme Court's recognition of sociological evidence, which was used to great effect later in Brown v. Board of Education. 1.23K subscribers Social worker Florence Kelley helped change the history of child labor in America. The Condition of the Working Class in England - Wikipedia
She sought to give the children the right of education, and argued that children must be nurtured to be intelligent people, beginning with her efforts in Philadelphia and New York.