Social Psychology Ch 9 (Prejudice) Flashcards | Quizlet What term best describes Elena's behavior? The girls' belief best illustrates: Daniel does not get the desired salary hike during his annual appraisal. scapegoat theory: the theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame. His reaction most clearly illustrates one of the dynamics involved in, An expectation that people will help those who depend on them is known as the, Two conflicting groups who share the same negative views of one another demonstrate. Despite its name, though, RWA is not necessarily limited to people on the right (conservatives). Sherif planned a disruption of the water supply in a Boy Scout camp in order to observe how social relationships are influenced by, Pablo and Sabina argued bitterly about which of them should have use of the family car that night. The principle that frustrationthe blocking of an attempt to achieve some goalcreates anger, which can generate aggression. Participants paid $1 more likely to change their beliefs about the task. jamie watson voice actor; is matt manning related to peyton manning; men's patchwork jeans; Published by on 17. Was the White person wrong because they will never learn to be comfortable if they avoid contact? does not simply mean taking pride in one's group; it also involves asserting the group's superiority over other groups. Distinguish prejudice, stereotypes, and discrimination. The phrase "not in my backyard," shortened to "NIMBY," seems to have appeared first in the mid-1970s. ________ is a tendency to favor one's own group. A) lack of critical thinking due to a strong desire for social harmony within a group. These small interactions can have devastating effects on the hopeful interviewees ability to perform well (Word, Zanna, & Cooper, 1974). In the context of distinctiveness, you are most likely to introduce your roommate to your friends as: When the British made a group of German civilians walk through a concentration camp at the close of World War II, one German responded: "What terrible criminals these prisoners must have been to receive such treatment." Such a question would be preposterous if you were only surrounded by members of your own group. An expectation that people will help, not hurt, those who have helped them. a. One student admitted that he had once considered becoming an accountant but decided against it because "accountants are all boring number crunchers without an ounce of creativity." A) Having a limited, narrow, or self-centered perspective. a. desensitizing them to violent acts. b. the bystander effect. d. sensory cortex. The groups are supporters of two rival political movements in Thailand and politically neutral subjects. Stereotypes are biased thoughts about a person due to the incorrect belief that the category accurately describes them. Being audience-centered means a speaker must sacrifice what she or he really believes to get a favorable response from . People naturally create mental categories. The enhancement of a group's prevailing inclinations through group discussion is called, Nora, Ko, Ian, and May each think that Ms. Akey may be a slightly better teacher than Mr. Schwenke. This way of perceiving and making . Psychology questions and answers. Categories get more complicated when we apply them to humans. Notably, the combination of high RWA and high SDO predicts joining hate groups that openly endorse aggression against minority groups, immigrants, homosexuals, and believers in non-dominant religions (Altemeyer, 2004). C) a win-win solution. B) become more extreme in their opinions following group discussion. Even ordinary people, without any particular hostility, can become agents in a destructive process. As a result, outgroup disliking stems from this in-group liking (Brewer & Brown, 1998). a. cognitive dissonance. NIMBY, also spelled Nimby, in full Not in My Backyard or Not in My Backyard Phenomenon, a colloquialism signifying one's opposition to the locating of something considered undesirable in one's neighborhood. How is it that entire groups of people were left out of political participation, justice, and freedom? Basically, rumination . Female 2: I can be hard to figure out Male 2: and I like my privacy. The IAT is sensitive to very slight hesitations that result from having automatic or unconscious biases. For the following sentence, make corrections in end mark, period, and comma usage as needed. First, there is the problem of stereotyping. direction a . Fundamental Attribution Error - Simply Psychology c. offering them opportunities to play violent video games when they feel angry. A situation in which the conflicting parties, by each rationally pursuing their self-interest, become caught in mutually destructive behavior. Psychology- CH. 11 intergroup relations Flashcards | Quizlet Finally, the tendency to categorize can be associated with discrimination. Today, many nations have equality clearly articulated in their constitutions. a. Chinese people tend to look pretty much alike. a. c. frontal lobes This reaction is best explained in terms of: After the events of 9/11, some Americans began boycotting Arab-American stores and lashing out at any person they perceived as Middle Eastern. It's awful what the human race can do, even with the way we . What is a FALSE statement regarding the research on microaggressions. Compared with nonplayers, people with extensive exposure to violent video gaming display ________ desensitization to violence, and they are ________ likely to help an injured victim. Whereas SDO emphasizes potential economic conflicts, RWA focuses on value conflicts. The jury deliberated on the rape case for over 8 hours. Social categorization and intergroup behaviour. The IAT measures how quickly you can sort words or pictures into different categories. D) experience increasing attraction to novel stimuli that become more familiar. B) an unjustifiable attitude toward a group and its members. the tendency to favor our own group: scapegoat theory: the theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame: other-race effect: the tendency to recall faces of one's own race more accurately than faces of other races. Prejudice generally involves stereotyped beliefs, negative feelings, and a predisposition to discriminatory action, a generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people, unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group and its members, Uspeople with whom we share a common identity, Themthose perceived as different or apart from our ingroup, the theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame, the tendency to recall faces of ones own race more accurately than faces of other races. HLT. She tends to overpraise his achievements in order to avoid appearing biased. (2020). ppp and mmm, and check their signs. a. other-race effect: the tendency to recall faces of one's own race more accurately than faces of other races. If word-of-mouth hiring practices in an all-White business have the effect of excluding potential non-White employees, the practice could be called: Bill is often described as judgmental, ethnocentric, and punitive. This illustrates, Adjusting one's behavior or thinking toward a group standard is called, Research participants believed that the Ash conformity test involved a study of, Alex thinks smoking is addictive but other players on his hockey team insist that it's not. Consider the utility maximization problem, maxxa+ysubjecttopx+y=m\max x^a+y \quad \text { subject to } p x+y=m The extrinsic incentives bias is best described as the tendency for Draw a circle graph with this information. Representativeness Heuristic The tendency to make judgments about group membership based on physical appearances or the match between a person and one's stereotype of a group rather than on available base rate information. Consequently, the girls in his class become apprehensive when preparing and giving speeches in his class. Indicators of aversive racism correlate with discriminatory behavior, despite being the ambiguous result of good intentions gone bad. What Is Confirmation Bias? | Psychology Today At its heart, SDO rests on a fundamental belief that the world is tough and competitive with only a limited number of resources. d. encouraging them to engage in more thoughtful moral reasoning. This is not to suggest that actual older people are not competent, of course, but that they are not widely admired for their accumulated wisdom. A) mirror-image perceptions. For example, researchers have found that those who score higher on SDO are usually lower than average on tolerance, empathy, altruism, and community orientation. For instance, Margaret might not be typical (or stereotypical) of an 80-year-old in that she regularly competes in organized half-marathons. c. blood alcohol. The test itself is rather simple (and you can experience it yourselfhere). C) a perceived incompatibility of actions or goals. An example of the fundamental attribution error is illustrated in our tendency to underestimate the extent to which others' behavior is influenced by: Politicians who publicly oppose a tax increase that they privately favor best illustrate that, That actions may sometimes be inconsistent with attitudes, The impact of our actions on our attitudes is best illustrated by, The set of prescribed behaviors associated with a particular social position is best described as, Philip Zimbardo devised a simulated prison and randomly assigned college students to serve as prisoners or guards. This best illustrates that victim blaming is fueled by: In the context of the relationship between religion and racial prejudice, if one defines religiousness as . hide 31 types. In-group favoritism, sometimes known as in-group-out-group bias, in-group bias, intergroup bias, or in-group preference, is a pattern of favoring members of one's in-group over out-group members. However, to justify preferential treatment, people often exaggerate the differences between their in-group and an outgroup. d. neural influences contribute to aggressive behavior in men but not in women. "Us"people with whom we share a common identity. His action is best explained in terms of the, Aggression-replacement programs are most likely to advise parents to avoid, In contrast to watching violence on television, participating in violent video games involves, The mere exposure effect refers to the fact that people. Social identity theory (Tajfel, Billig, Bundy, & Flament, 1971) describes this tendency to favor one's own in-group over another's outgroup. An unjustifiable attitude toward a group and its members. For example, a person might not have ever been to a Hindu wedding, but their experience of weddings as a general category can help them know what to expect and how to behave. A belief that leads to its own fulfillment. Social identity is a person's sense of who they are based on their group membership (s). Like most students in her school, she believes that Carson Elementary School is the best school in town. What does the term multicultural mean? d. oxytocin. In S. T. Fiske, D. T. Gilbert, & G. Lindzey (Eds.). Attitude change path in which interested people focus on the arguments, facts and respond with favorable thoughts. Adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard. An aroused state of intense positive absorption in another, usually present at the beginning of a love relationship. C) a loss of self-awareness and self-restraint in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity. Other-race Effect: Definition. What is NOT a reason why watching media violence have negative consequences. CHAPTER 12: CULTURE Multiple Choice 1. skepticism. What Is the Negativity Bias? - Verywell Mind Solved ________ is a tendency to favor one's own group. | Chegg.com In general, those high in SDO have a strong belief in work ethicthat hard work always pays off and leisure is a waste of time. Whenever this person encounters a person that is both left-handed and creative, they place greater . As the world becomes more interconnectedmore collaborations between countries, more intermarrying between different groupsmore and more people are encountering greater diversity of others in everyday life. The tendency to favor their ingroup develops quickly in young children, increasing up to about six years of age, and almost immediately begins to influence their behavior (Aboud, 2003; Aboud & Amato, 2001). Verify that U/p=x(p,m)\partial U^* / \partial p=-x^*(p, m)U/p=x(p,m). Also called the cross-race effect and the own-race bias, The tendency for people to believe the world is just and that people therefore get what they deserve and deserve what they get. School California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo; Course Title PSYC 3500; Uploaded By staceymartinez1224. Confirmation Bias: Definition, Signs, Overcoming - Verywell Mind Discrimination is a behavior bias against a person (or group) based on stereotyped beliefs about that group. The tendency of people to believe that one gets what one deserves and deserves what one gets is called: In Harber's (1998) study, poorly written essays received high ratings if participants were led to believe they were written by Black students rather than White students. . It applies U.S. GAAP and reports in U.S. dollars. D) the effects of exposure to violent pornography. This is an example of: Elena's boss fires her because he is downsizing his company. c. social facilitation. We commonly say that we should not label others but we cannot help but do so. The tendency to favor ones own cultural group over other groups is known as A) elitism. An unjustifiable (and usually negative) attitude toward a group and its members. A confirmation bias is cognitive bias that favors information that confirms your previously existing beliefs or biases. b. Answer 23:- Ethnocentrism is the tendency to view one's own cultu . Trellis8. This example is an illustration of: If researchers found that people take longer to identify words such as assertive and bold as "strong" when the words are associated with female faces rather than with male faces, this finding would illustrate: "learners" received painful electric shocks even if they had heart problems. The firm does the following: b. Next, categorization can also lead to prejudice. The tendency to favor one's own . For example, rich people are often viewed as competent but cold. Rumination: Problem Solving Gone Wrong | Psychology Today Narcissism is the tendency to view one's own culture or group as The tendency to recall faces of one's own race more accurately than faces of other races. Which branch of psychology is most connected with the study of how people think about, influence, and relate to one another, Attribution theory was designed to account for, Ksana insists that her boyfriends car accident resulted form his carelessness. Dovidio, J. F., & Gaertner, S. L. (2010). In the abstract these mental maps can help us understand how to interact with new people based on educated guesses about their category. Shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation. Fiske, S. T., Cuddy, A. J. C., & Glick, P. (2007). Idea that individuals pair up into relationships with people who are similar to their level of physical attraction. Then create a word search puzzle using the sentences-without the word as clues. Although research has shown that people higher in SDO are more likely to be politically conservative, there are other traits that more strongly predict ones SDO. Tendency - definition of tendency by The Free Dictionary Male 1: Maybe more than anybody else. Both believe that the members of their own political party are more fair-minded and trustworthy than members of any other party. They are motivated by . a. groupthink bias b.ingroup bias c.outgroup bias d. intergroup bias According to current research of aggression, which of the following statements is. ____________ can be defined as any physical or verbal behavior that is intended to hurt or destroy. b. less; more The Peter Principle: What It Is and How to Overcome It - Investopedia What is the correct present tense conjugation of the verb? b. the mere exposure effect. Psychology CH 16 Flashcards | Chegg.com Categories, then, are becoming more and more uncertain, unclear, volatile, and complex (Bodenhausen & Peery, 2009). B) the tendency to overestimate the impact of personal dispositions on another's behavior. Liking yourself and the groups to which you belong is natural. The theory that we act to reduce the discomfort (dissonance) we feel when two of our thoughts (cognition) are inconsistent. This reaction is best explained in terms of. The tendency to favor ones own cultural group over other groups is known as A) Expert Help. In order for a transaction to be recorded in a business accounting records, the effects of the transaction must be faithfully represented. Pablo and Sabina's failure to resolve their argument for their mutual benefit illustrates a failure to develop. Devine and her colleagues (2005) note that automatic prejudices subside when ________. It turns out, however, that peoples reaction time on the IAT predicts actual feelings about out-group members, decisions about them, and behavior towardthem, especially nonverbal behavior (Greenwald, Poehlman, Uhlmann, & Banaji, 2009). a. the bystander effect. This best illustrates the value of, Sharing household chores ranks high on a list of things people associate with successful marriages. Brewer, M. B., & Brown, R. J. This means, potentially, that there is left-wing authoritarianism that promotes conventional progressive values and seeks to silence dissenting voices (Manson, 2020). Around nine-in-ten Americans favor some form of marijuana legalization, according to an April 2021 Pew Research Center survey.An overwhelming majority of U.S. adults (91%) say either that marijuana should be legal for medical and recreational use (60%) or that it should be legal for medical use only (31%).Just 8% say the drug should not be legal in any form. quiz 5 psych 312.docx - Question 1 2 out of 2 points A tendency to Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like The jury . The mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives. What roles do the evoked set, inert set, and inept set take part in a consumer's information search? Receives a utility bill on July 2 totaling $4,560 for services received during June. Early. 2022. Ingroup bias is the tendency to favor and support individuals who belong to groups we identify with. Social identity theory (Tajfel, Billig, Bundy, & Flament, 1971) describes this tendency to favor ones own in-group over anothers outgroup. C) a perceived incompatibility of actions or goals. The tendency to recall faces of one's own face more accurately than faces of other races. Only when research participants were informed that a woman was raped did they perceive the woman's behavior as inviting rape. According to Lyons et al. c. animals can be bred for aggressiveness. In Juries, Lawyers Now Favor the Uninformed - The New York Times - CNBC Expert Answer. After discussing why each of them believes this to be so, they all conclude that Ms. Akey is definitely a much better teacher than Mr. Schwenke.